Hagoromo

Tyler, Royall


About the electronic version
Hagoromo
Tyler, Royall
Creation of machine-readable version: Winnie Chan
Creation of digital images:
Conversion to TEI.2-conformant markup: University of Virginia Library Electronic Text Center.
University of Virginia Library.
Charlottesville, Va.

   Publicly-accessible


http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/japanese/
http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/modeng/modengT.browse.html
http://www.einaudi.cornell.edu/eastasia/EastAsiaSeries.html
1997

   Japanese Text Initiative


Note: Copyright 1978 Royall Tyler. Except for brief quotations in a review, nopart of this text may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by anymeans, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording,or by any information storage or retrieval system, without permission inwriting from the author. Please address inquiries to Royall Tyler incare of East Asia Program, Cornell University, 140 Uris Hall, Ithaca, NY14853-7601.
About the print version
The Feather Mantle (Hagoromo: a woman play)
Pining Wind: a Cycle of No Plays
Royall Tyler

   1st Edition


Cornell China-Japan Program
Ithaca, New York
1978

   Cornell University East Asia Papers, number 17


Note: Copyright 1978 Royall Tyler. From Pining Wind: A Cycle of Noh Plays (English translation). Cornell East Asia Series no. 17, 204 pp., 0-939657-17-1, $12 paper. East Asia Program, Cornell University, 140 Uris Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853-7601 (ph. 607-255-6222; fax: 607-255-1388, kks3@cornell.edu).
Note: CAUTION: Except for brief quotations in a review, no part of this text may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the author. Please address inquiries to Royall Tyler in care of East Asia Program, Cornell University, 140 Uris Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853-7601.

   Prepared for the University of Virginia Library Electronic Text Center.

   Spacing in print text has been preserved. Natural line breaks have been removed, and the trailing part of a line has been joined to the preceding line.

   Underlining for emphasis has been rendered as italics.


Published: 1978

Revisions to the electronic version
February 1997 corrector Winnie Chan
  • Added TEI header and tags.



  • etextcenter@virginia.edu. Commercial use prohibited; all usage governed by our Conditions of Use: http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/conditions.html

    Page 17

    THE FEATHER MANTLE
    (Hagoromo: a woman play)

        This play begins on a perfect spring day: sweeping blue sky, mild air, pines along the beach, and sunlit sea. The world we know appeared, they say, when sky and earth split apart; now, though, heaven and earth seem still conjoined at ease, one lightly-breathing vastness. As on such a day the earthbound heart rises of itself into free space, so an angel, too, may, as in The Feather Mantle, descend.

        No one knows for certain who wrote The Feather Mantle, or when, but it makes a fine introduction to the whole no repertoire. Many of the marks of a god play can be found in it, and one of these is thanks given for our Sovereign's reign. This thanks is rendered for all harmony and delight, to the Lord who shall reign for ever and ever; whose reign endures, indeed, even through the trials enacted in the plays that follow. (If his reign did not so endure, then return to communion and illumination would hardly be possible.) This Sovereign is not only secular and historical; he is also the focal point and power center of the world.

        It is the angel's warm, feminine charm that puts The Feather Mantle in the class of woman plays, for true god plays avoid such coloring. This very charm, though, makes The Feather Mantle more perfectly representative, for love is the heart of Japanese poetry -- especially if to love between man and woman, one joins love for the fleeting graces of nature herself.

        And who indeed is this charming celestial maiden? She proves to be the laurel tree that grows in the moon, and the very moon itself,


    Page 18

    giver of every gift. Her garment is less a human mantle than sky, mist, and cloud. The flowers in her hair are doubtless actually growing in the green spring hills. She really does have all of nature's fleeting graces, of which the moon is the sign, and might well move one to love.

        In no, mention of the full moon is likely to be coupled, as here, with the Buddhist term True Semblance (shinnyo). True Semblance can loosely be said to mean Reality, but this reality is no absolute to be grasped at and held. True Semblance can be owned or defined no more than the angel's loveliness.

        As the moon, the angel invokes her own 'true ground,' the Bodhisattva Seishi. This is because Shinto deities, the natural powers of the world, were widely held to be local manifestations of the universal Buddhas and Bodhisattvas. Such a local manifestation is the projected image, and the name of this mode of understanding is honji suijaku, true ground and projected image. Seishi stands to the right of the Buddha Amida, Lord of Infinite Light, and is Amida's all-illuminating wisdom. Thus the angel, with all her graces, is actually wisdom manifest.

        Versions of the story of The Feather Mantle are to be found all over the world. The pattern is that a band of celestial maidens (in ancient Japanese accounts the number is eight) come down to earth to enjoy some particularly wholesome pleasure, such as bathing in a spring or drinking fresh milk. There, a man surprises them. All escape back to heaven but the last one, who is detained by the man and often has to marry him. Much later, though, she does fly home again, and the man, who by some failing has let her escape, can never follow.


    Page 19

        What the angel does during her visit to earth is to transmit certain music called the Suruga Dance from East Country Pleasures. East Country Pleasures is Azuma-asobi, a body of songs and dances from the region far to the east of Miyako, the capital. There is a tradition that an angel did indeed give the Suruga Dance to mankind on a beach in the province of Suruga. From the standpoint of no, however, one might imagine that it is music itself that she teaches, and that the whole repertoire is an unfolding of this music.



    Page 20


    ISSEI [ A small pine stands down front. Caught in its branches is a length of cloth that represents the mantle. Sideman and two Sideman's Seconds enter, carrying fishing poles; they stand down front, to one side of the pine. When all three sing together, they are face to face; when Sideman speaks alone, he faces front. ]

    ISSEI
    Sideman and Side Second

        Swift winds blow       by Mio       down the curving shore       small craft row       and fishermen       call o'er the sea lanes!


    NANORI

    Sideman

        I'm a fisherman known on the pine barrens of Mio as Hakuryo.


    SASHI

    Sideman and Side Second

        'Boundless leagues of lovely hills, and clouds suddenly rise; one lone tower's bright moon marks first the rain's clearing.' Yes, a time it is       of mild calm!       Spring again has touched       pine barrens       wave on lingering wave       the morning mists,       moon loitering in sky meadows       endless       the gaze roves on:       a scene to quiet,       to absorb the heart!


    SAGEUTA

        I'll not forget       how mountain trails       we took to Clearview Cove,       and spied afar       Mio's pine barrens:       come now, friends,       there's where we'll go       come now, friends,       there's where we'll go!


    AGEUTA

        Wind-billowed,       the clouds float high       waves then to you       the clouds float high       waves then to you       are they, men,       no fishing done,       will you hurry home?       Wait! It's spring a while,       and mild blows the morning breeze,       yes, the pines' song everlasting,       waves are silent       in the morning calm       and fishermen crowd forth       in teeming craft       fishermen crowd forth       in teeming craft!


    Page 21

    [ Sideman's Seconds sit slightly upstage of Sideman's spot. Sideman lays down his pole at stagehand stop, takes fan in hand, and comes out to main spot. ]

    *

    Sideman

        I've just come up to the pine barrens of Mio, and I'm gazing at the view of the shore, when from the void blossoms fall, music resounds, and wondrous fragrances pervade all space. This can hardly be common. And in fact I see here, hung on this pine tree, a beautiful mantle. A closer look now: color and scent are marvelous indeed. This is no ordinary mantle. I'll take it home with me to show my friends, and to keep as an heirloom in my house.

    [ Carrying the mantle in both hands, he starts toward Sideman's spot. But Doer calls to him as she comes through curtain, and starts down bridgeway. She wears the zo-onna mask and an angel's glittering crown. ]

    MONDO

    Doer

        I'm sorry, but that mantle's mine! Why have you taken it?

    [ Sideman is now at Sideman's spot.) ]

    Sideman

        I just happen to have run across it, so I'm taking it home with me.


    Doer

        But it's an angel's feather mantle! It isn't supposed to be given to a human being! Do please leave it where it was!


    Sideman

        As I understand it, then, this is an angel's mantle. Why, in that case, it's obviously a wonder in these latter days, and I ought to have it as a treasure for the whole land! I'm not going to give it back.


    Doer

        Oh no! Without the feather mantle, flying is over for me; I'll never be able to return to Heaven! Please, please give it back!


    Page 22


    Sideman

        Hakuryo       will not heed       this gracious plea,       but grows stubborn:       heartless I've always been,       I, a fisherman.       The celestial       feather mantle       he hides from her.

    [ He turns front, away from Doer, who is by now at main spot. ]

        No indeed, says he,       and turns to go.


    Doer

        In her plight now       the angel,       like a wingless bird,


    Sideman

        moving to rise,       has no mantle;


    Doer

        on earth, is caught       in the nether world.


    Sideman

        Either way, alas! . . .       she laments,


    Doer

        but as Hakuryo       will keep the mantle,


    Sideman

        helpless,


    Doer

        hopeless


    AGEUTA

    Chorus

        tears run,       shining jewel headdress,       flowers in her hair       droop and wilt:       the five signs       of an angel's fall       are here       before my very eyes --       oh pitiful!

    [ She gazes up to her right into the sky. ]

    SHIMO-NO-EI

    Doer

        To the fields of Heaven       backward I gaze,       but mists rise,       cloudways blur,       the path is lost!'


    SAGEUTA

    Chorus

        My home so dear,       the sky, oh when       shall I pass yonder move       the clouds       and enviously       I look on!


    AGEUTA

        The kalavinka's       voice I loved       the kalavinka's      voice I loved       to hear, now fades       and wild geese cry       down the skyways,       going home --       and oh, this


    Page 23

    longing!       Plovers, gulls,       with waves offshore come and go       breezes of spring       blowing through the sky, they too       quicken yearning       blowing through the sky, they too       quicken yearning!

    [ She gazes up at sky, and weeps. ]

    MONDO

    Sideman

        I can see now you're suffering terribly. I'll give you back your mantle.


    Doer

        Oh, I'm so happy! Then do bring it to me!

    [ She presses toward Sideman. ]

    Sideman

        A moment, though.

    [ He retreats an equal distance. ]

        I'll return your mantle if you'll be kind enough to do right here and now the angel dance I've heard tell of.


    Doer

        I'm so happy! Yes, I will get home to Heaven! And for joy I'll indeed dance, right here and now. You shall pass my dance on to the downcast folk of your world. But I can't do anything without my mantle. Please give it back to me first.


    Sideman

        Oh no, if I return your mantle you won't dance, you'll head straight up to Heaven.


    Doer

        No, suspicion's for the human realm; in Heaven there's no falsehood.


    Sideman

        I'm so ashamed! Why then, says he, by all means; and gives her back the mantle.

    [ Side gives mantle to Doer, then goes to sit at Sideman's spot. ]

    MONO-GI-ASHIRAI [ Doer withdraws to stagehand spot, where she puts on the mantle. She then comes out to main spot. ]

    KAKEAI
    Page 24


    Doer

        The maiden,       in mantle clothed,       does Rainbow Skirts and Cloak of Wings;


    Sideman

        the celestial       feather mantle       moves to the winds,


    Doer

        moist with rain       the blossom sleeves,


    Sideman

        as music plays


    Doer

        and she dances on!


    SHIDAI

    Chorus

        The Suruga Dance       from East Country Pleasures       the Suruga Dance       from East Country Pleasures:       Sparely, this       is how it began!


    KURI

        Now, to speak of       the long-faring sky:       ages past, in the Twin Gods' time,       when they laid out the world       in each one       of its ten directions,       the sky had no end,       and that it why       they dubbed it       long-faring.


    SASHI

    Doer

        As for the Palace       of the Moon,       with glittering ax       hewn for all eternity:


    Chorus

        robed in white or black       the angel throng       made two bands,       each of thrice five,       and all moon long,       night by night,       a celestial maid       with task assigned       carries out her role.


    Doer

        Of these I am one:       celestial maiden


    Chorus

        of the moon       laurel tree,       I've split in two,       to visit       and myself pass on       to your world here       the Suruga Dance       of the East Country!


    KUSE

        Mists of spring       trail on long-faring       moon laurel flowers bloom!       Yes, crown of blossoms       in full hue       surely means spring!       Oh lovely!       Though no Heaven,       here too we've sweet grace.       Winds of the skies,      


    Page 25

    blow shut the clouds'       passageways!       The maiden lingers,       pine barrens'       spring hues to see       on Mio Cape,       and the moon so       Clearview Cove,      snows of Fuji --       which excels?       Peerless this spring dawn,       the waves,       the pining wind       so mild,       the tranquil shore!       Sky and earth, why, what parts them?       Zoned with light       are Inner Shrine and Outer,       whose gods' offspring       rule here still;       the very moon's       spotlessly clear       our sunrise land, Japan!


    Doer

        In this our Sovereign's reign       celestial       feather mantles       seldom descend:


    Chorus

        caressed, the rock       yet wears not away,       oh happy news!       Songs of the East:       with voices join       in sweet concert       drone-pipes, flutes,       harps and zitherns       swelling out past the Lone Cloud;       red sinks the sun,       so mirroring Mount Sumeru;       green in the waves       Float Isle Moor       gale-swept,       where blossoms fall,       yes, whirling snow       the white cloud sleeves       are lovely indeed!

    [ Pausing in her dance movements, Doer sits at main spot and joins palms in reverence. ]

    EI

    Doer

        Hail to thee, Seishi, oh thou True Ground of the Moon, daughter of Heaven!


    Chorus

        A dance, then,       from the East Country Pleasures.


    JO-NO-MAI [ Doer rises and, between these two passages of text, dances a jo-no-mai dance. She goes on dancing, however, as text resumes. ]

    NORIJI

    Doer

        Now, the mantle blue       that's Heaven's lofty sky,


    Chorus

        now, the mantling mist       that rises in spring,


    Doer

        hue and fragrance       both delight!       The maiden's train


    Page 26


    Chorus

        sweeps and sways,       all rustling,       flowers nod in her hair;       celestial       feather sleeves       billow, coil and turn,       the dancing sleeves!


    HA-NO-MAI [ Between these two passages, she dances a ha-no-mai dance. Again, she continues dancing as text resumes. ]

    NORIJI

        As on and on       the dances go       as on and on       the dances go,       she who's named moon       palace lady       high in the dark sky       this thrice fifth night       becomes again       face of True Semblance,       the full moon, and rains riches:       prayers fulfilled,       the realm replete,       the seven treasures       overflowing,       these on our land bestows;       and so time runs,       the celestial       feather mantle       wind-borne billows       down the shore;       pine barrens of Mio,       Float Isle's clouds,       Mount Ashitaka, yes,       and Fuji's       towering peak       fade out,       mist-veiled       into high Heaven       she is lost from view.